KRODHAH- क्रोधः- ANGER –THE ENEMY WITH IN

Subhashithani : 031

 In Hindu theology, Arishadvarga or the six passions of mind are :1. kama: Desire (lust),2.  krodha (anger),3.  lobha (greed),4. moha (attachment),5. mada or ahankar (pride) and 6. matsarya (jealousy);  Which are considered as eternal internal enemies. (Nithya Vairis )

क्रोधो मूलमनर्थानां  क्रोधः संसारबन्धनम्।

धर्मक्षयकरः क्रोधः तस्मात् क्रोधं विवर्जयेत्॥

Anger is the root cause of all misfortunes. Anger is the reason for bondage with this world. Anger reduces righteousness, hence anger must be overcome.

In the Bhagavad Gita we have some of the greatest slokas, describing the “Sthitha pragya lakshana” . Mahathma Gandhiji mentions that he used to read them every day. Two of the slokas which  refer to Kama and krodha ,  are given below:

ध्यायतो विषयान्पुंस: सङ्गस्तेषूपजायते |

सङ्गात्सञ्जायते काम: कामात्क्रोधोऽभिजायते || 62||

क्रोधाद्भवति सम्मोह: सम्मोहात्स्मृतिविभ्रम: |
स्मृतिभ्रंशाद् बुद्धिनाशो बुद्धिनाशात्प्रणश्यति || 63||

dhyāyato viṣhayān puṁsaḥ saṅgas teṣhūpajāyate

saṅgāt sañjāyate kāmaḥ kāmāt krodho ’bhijāyate BGCH2-SL62

krodhād bhavati sammohaḥ sammohāt smṛiti-vibhramaḥ

smṛiti-bhranśhād buddhi-nāśho buddhi-nāśhāt praṇaśhyati BGCH2-SL63

BG 2.62: Man musing on the sense objects , develops attachment to them. Attachment leads to desire, and from desire arises anger.

BG 2.63: Anger leads to delusion, which results in confused  memory. From confused memory , the intellect gets destroyed; and when the intellect is destroyed, one is ruined.

क्रोधो वैवस्वतो राजा तॄष्णा वैतरणी नदी |

विद्या कामदुघा धेनु: सन्तोषो नन्दनं वनम् ||   ~ शुक्रनीति

Anger is the king of Death (Yama ), Greed ( Desire ) is the river Vaitharani in hell. However, to counter them Knowledge is like Kamadhenu which fulfills all wishes , and Contentment is the garden of paradise.

SRI KRISHNAYA THUBHYAM NAMAH

RAMA'S ADVICE TO BHARATHA

Subhashitham : 030

नास्तिक्यमनृतं क्रोधं प्रमादं धिर्गसूत्रतां I   अदर्शनं ज्ञानवतामालस्यं पञ्चवृत्तितां  II

एकचिन्तनं अर्थानां अनर्थग्यैस्च मन्त्रणं I    निस्चितानां अनारम्भं मन्त्रस्यापरिरक्षितं I

मङ्गलास्याप्रयोगं च प्रत्युत्थानं च सर्वत: I   कच्चित्त्वं वर्जयस्येतान राजदोषान् स्चतुर्दशा II              

Nastikyam anrutam krodham pramaadam deergasootratham I Adarsanam gyanavatham aalasyam panchavruttitaam II Eka chintanam arthanaam anarthagyasya manthranam I Nischitanam anaarambam mantrasya aparirakshitam I Mangalasyaaprayogam cha prathuthanam cha  sarvata:I Kacchit tvam varjayasyethan Raja doshan chaturdasaa II  ( Ayodhya Kaandam  )

Fourteen defects to be avoided by rulers : (  Rama’s advice to Bharatha )

Do you abjure the following fourteen failings of kings,viz, Disbelief in the scriptures, mendacity(through greed etc ) , anger, neglect of kingly duties , procrastination, shunning the wise, sloth, slave of the five (senses ) , not seeking the advice of ministers etc, taking counsel of those with perverted insight, failure to launch projects (already 0decided upon, failure to keep secrets , failure to utter auspicious words at the start of every undertaking, rising from one’s seat (indiscriminately ) to receive all.()

Even though it is mentioned as advice to kings , it is equally well applicable to various heads of departments and anybody holding important public office. We , therefore, have six positive tendencies which should never be avoided:

षड् गुणाः पुरुषेणेह त्यक्तव्या न कदाचनः
सत्यं दानम् अनालस्यम् अनुसूया क्षमा धृतिः
Shad gunaah purusheneha tyaktavyaa na kadaachanh
Satyam daanam anaalasyam anusuya kshmaa dhritih.
 A righteous person should never give up these six qualities in him, namely (i) adhering to truth (ii) generosity (iii) alertness (iv) free from jealousy (v) forgiveness ( patience) and (vi)firmness .
From Maha Bharatha we have - Six negative tendencies to be renounced :

षड्  दोषाः पुरुषेणेह  हातव्या भूतिमिच्छता |
निद्रा  तन्द्रा  भयं क्रोधः आलस्यं दीर्घसूत्रता II       
Shad doshaah purushaaneha haatavyaa bhootimicchataa.
Nidra tandra bhayam krodhah aalasyam deerghasootrataa.

Those  persons who desire to be prosperous and happy  must

Avoid  these six shortcomings in them, namely 1. sleep,2. drowsiness,

3.fear,4. anger,5. laziness , and 6. procrastination.

Sri Krishnaya Thubyam nama:

THE DIVINE WILL

Subhashitham: 029

नाकाले म्रियते जंतुः विद्धः शरशतैरपि ।
कुशकंटकविद्धोऽपि प्राप्तकालो न जीवति ॥

na akAle mriyate jantuH viddhiH shara shatairapi ।

kusha kaNTakaviddho api prApta kAlo na jIvati ॥

When fate is favourable, even if one throws a hundred arrows at you – nothing happens to you. However, when it is unfavourable , even a blade of grass can kill you.

जन्म ब्रह्मकुले अग्रजो धनपति: य: कुम्भकर्णाग्रज:

सूनुर् वासवजित्त् स्वयं दशशिरा: दोर्दण्डका विंशति: I

अस्त्रं कामगमं विमानमजयं मध्येसमुद्रीं पुरी

सर्वं निष्फलमेतदेव नियतं दैवं परम् दुर्जयं  II

Janma brahma kule agrajo dhanapathi: ya: kumbakarnaagraja:

Sunur vaasavajith svayam dasasiraa: dhordankaa vimsati I

Astram kaamagamam vimaanamajayam madye samudreem puree

Sarvam nishpalam ethadeva niyatam Daivam param durjayam II

Born in the lineage of Brahma ,The lord of wealth- Kubera  the elder brother,  Powerful Kumbakarna is the younger brother , Son is Indrajit (who defeated Indra in war) ,  Himself blessed with ten heads and twenty powerful shoulders , bestowed also with arrows which can complete their mission unfailingly, sheltered in a well protected fortress surrounded by sea , in spite of all these Ravana faced total annihilation. Nothing can, therefore, stand before the DIVINE WILL.

रामे  राज्यं पितुरभिमतं संमतं च प्रजानां

माता वव्रे तदिह भरते सत्यवादी ददौ च  I

चिन्ततित: समजनि तदा पदुकाग्रयाभिषेको

दुर्विज्ञानस्व हृदय महो दैवमत्र प्रमाणं  II Paduka sahasram-826

Dasaratha,father of Rama wanted the kingdom should go to Rama , the public also concurred. But Kaikeyi wished  that her son Bharatha should rule the country,and asked for the boon; Dasaratha , having to honour his word, agreed for the boon. But something totally unexpected happened and coronation was done to Rama’s Padukas . Therefore , we see that ultimately in everything it is god’s will that prevails.

Sri Krishnaya Thubyam nama:

THE TWENTY ONE NAMES OF SURYA

Subhashitham : 028

 Reciting the name of Sri Rama three times is considered equivalent to reciting the entire Vishnu Sahasra Nama. Similarly, there is a shortened version of Surya sahasranama, containing 21 names of Surya considered equivalent to the entire thousand names , recommended by Surya himself :

वैकर्तनो विवस्वांस्च मार्ताण्डो भास्करो रवि: I  लोकप्रकाशक: श्रीमान् त्रैलोक्य चक्षु: ग्रहेस्वर: II
लोकसाक्षी त्रिलोकेश: कर्ता हर्ता तमिस्रहा   तपनस्तापन: चैव शुचि: सप्तास्ववाहन: II
गभस्ति हस्तो ब्रह्माच सर्वदेव नमस्कृत: II  ( This sloka is even  considered suitable for Japa )
Vaikarthano Vivasvaamscha Maarthando Bhaskaro Ravi: II  Loka prakaasaka: Srimaan Thrailokya chakshu: Grahesvara:  II  Loka sakshi  Thri lokesa:  Kartha Hartha Thamisraha Tapana: Taapana: chaiva Suchi: Sapta asva vaahana:   II Gabhasti hasto Brahmaa cha Sarva deva namaskruta: II
The twenty one names and their meaning  are  given below : ( Please note there are many deeper inner meanings associated with these names , which are beyond the scope of this blog )
1. विकर्तन:-  ( vikartana: ) One who destroys obstacles or danger
2. विवस्वान्- ( vivasvaan ) one who is shining forth
3. मI र्ताण्ड: - (Marthanda: )  Lord of the mortal world
4. भास्कर: -  ( Bhaskara: )   Creator of Light or illumination
5. रवि:        -  (Ravi: )    one who is brightness
6. लोकप्रकाश:   -  ( Loka Prakaasa: )  one who brightens the whole world
7. श्रीमान्  -  ( Srimaan )  One who is blessed with all kinds of wealth
8. लोकचक्षु: -  ( Loka chakshu: ) One who gives vision to all beings in the world
9. ग्रहेश्वर: - ( Grahesvara: )  Lord of the nine planets
10. लोकसाक्षी -  ( Loka saakshi )  Witness of all happenings in the world
11. त्रिलोकेस्वर: -  (Thri Lokesvara: ) Lord of the three worlds
12. कर्ता  - (Kartha ) Benefactor of the world
13. हर्ता  -  (Hartha ) Eliminator of sins of people
14. तमिस्रहा – ( Thamisrahaa ) Destroyer of Darkness
15. तपन: - ( Thapana: ) Himself burning all the time
16. तापन:  - (Thaapana: ) Scorcher of others
17. शुचि: - (Suchi: )  one who is pure
18. सप्तास्ववाहन: - ( Saptha asva vaahana: )  One who has a vehicle driven by seven horses
19. गभस्ति हस्त: - (Gabhasti hastha: ) One whose hands are rays
20. ब्रह्मा -  (Brahmaa ) Creator
21. सर्व देव नमस्कृत – ( Sarva eva namaskruta: ) One who is praised byalldevatas

In the bhagavad Gita we have Sri Krishna mentioning that he is Vishnu amongst the twelve Adithyas:
आदित्यानामहं विष्णुर्ज्योतिषां रविरंशुमान् |
ādityānām ahaṁ viṣhṇur jyotiṣhāṁ ravir anśhumān
BG 10.21: Amongst the twelve sons of Aditi I am Vishnu; amongst luminous objects I am the sun.
The sun is given twelve names according to its position in the twelve Zodiac signs throughout the year. The names are Dhatr,Aryaman,Mitra,Varuna,Indra,Vivasvat,Pusan,Parjanya,Amsa, Bhaga,Tvastr and Vishnu.

Sri Krishnaya thubyam nama:

A COIN HAS TWO SIDES

Subhashitham :  027

A coin has two sides. So it is with ‘acquiring wealth’.

अर्थानाम् अर्जने दु:खम् अर्जितानां च रक्षणे।

आये दु:खं व्यये दु:खं  धिग् अर्था: कष्टसंश्रया:॥

Acquiring wealth is painful, its protection is also painful. Its pain when it comes and more so when it is spent . Fie upon wealth, for it causes pain at all stages.

What about acquiring knowledge instead ? –

न चोराहार्यम् न च राजहार्यम्, न भ्रातृभाज्यं न च भारकारि।

व्यये कृते वर्धत एव नित्यं,  विद्याधनं सर्वधनप्रधानम्॥

It cannot be stolen by thieves, nor can it be taken away by the state . Brothers  cannot  demand share in it , it is not a burden to carry. The more you give it to others  it always keeps growing. Therefore, of all forms of  wealth, knowledge is the best .

आहार-निद्रा-भय-मैथुनं च समानमेतत्पशुभिर्नराणाम् ।

धर्मो हि तेषामधिको विशेषो धर्मेण हीनाः पशुभिः समानाः ॥

AhAra-nidrA-bhaya-maithunam cha     samAnam_etat_pashubhir_narANAm |

dharmo hi teShAm adhiko visheSho    dharmeNa hInAH pashubhiH samAnAH||

Food, sleep, fear and mating, these acts of humans are similar to animals' |It is dharma ( also Gyana ) which is special, without dharma humans are also animals |

विद्वत्त्वं च नृपत्वं च न एव तुल्ये कदाचन ।

स्वदेशे पूज्यते राजा विद्वान् सर्वत्र पूज्यते ॥

Being a scholar and being a king are never ever comparable. A king is

worshipped in his own country whereas a scholar is respected everywhere.

विद्या ददाति विनयं  विनयाद् याति पात्रताम्।

पात्रत्वाद्धनमाप्नोति  धनाद्धर्मं ततः सुखम्॥

Knowledge gives humility, humility leads to capability, from capability one acquires wealth, wealth leads to righteousness and then happiness follows.

Sri Krishnaya thubyam nama:

ON ACQUIRING WEALTH

Subhashitham : 026 

बुभुक्षितै: व्याकरणम् न भुज्यते I  
 पिपासितै: काव्यरसो न पीयते I I

न विध्यया केनचित् उद्धृतं कुलं I 
धनार्जने केवलं उध्यमोस्तु  व: II

Bubhukshitai vyaakaranam na bhujyate I Pipaasitai: kavyaraso na peeyate II

Na vidyaya kenachit uddrutham kulam I Dhanaarjane kevalam uddyamosthu va:II

A hungry stomach cannot be filled by mastering grammer ; thirst is not quenched by drinking nava rasas of the classics ; No family prospered purely  by acquiring knowledge; Let your goal therefore be on acquiring wealth!

माता निन्दति नाभिनन्दति पिता भ्राता न संभाषते I

भृत्त्य: कुप्यति नानुगच्छति सुत: कान्ता च नालिङ्गति I

अर्थ प्रार्थनशङ्कया न कुरुते स्वालापमात्रं सुहृत् I

 तस्मादर्थमुपार्जयस्व सुमते ह्यर्थेन सर्वे वशा:  II Niti saara

Maata nindati, naabinandati pita, bratha na sambhashate I

Brutya: kupyati, naanugachati suta:, kantha cha naalingate I

Artha praarthanasankaya na kurute svaalaapamathram suhruth I

Thasmad arthamupaarjayasva Sumate hyartena sarve vasaa: II

Mother rebukes , father sulks , brother avoids discussion , servants show their anger, son doesn’t co-operate , wife withdraws her affection.  Friends avoid seeing, lest they will be asked  for a loan . Wise men! Acquire wealth ! Nothing is unattainable for the rich.

यस्यास्ति वित्तं स नरः कुलीनः ; 
स पण्डितः स श्रुतवान्गुणज्ञः ।

स एव वक्ता स च दर्शनीयः ;  
सर्वे गुणाः काञ्चनमाश्रयन्ते ॥ Niti satakam

yasyaasti vittam sa narah kuliinah ;  sa panditah sa shrutavaan gunajnah |
sa eva vaktaa sa ca darshaniiyah ;  sarve gunaah kaancanamaashrayante ||

The moneyed man is respectable man. He is the learned man. He is the knowledgeable man. He is the man of great character. He is the orator. He is visit worthy. All the qualities are attributed to the rich.

Sri Krishnaya thubyam nama: