Sunday, January 8, 2023

PEACE-सन्धिः-SANDHIH-16(Hitopadesa)

 SUBHASHITHANI:608

कपाल-सन्धिर् विज्ञेयः केवलं सम-सन्धिकः
सम्प्रदानाद् भवति उपहारः उच्यते ११७

kapāla-sandhir vijñeyaḥ kevalaṃ sama-sandhikaḥ |
sampradānād bhavati ya upahāraḥ sa ucyate || 4.117 ||

Peace on equal terms is known as Kapala sandhi, that brought out by offering gifts is called Upahara.

सन्तान-सन्धिर् विज्ञेयो दारिका-दान-पूर्वकः
सद्भिस् तु सङ्गतः सन्धिर् मैत्री-पूर्व उदाहृतः ११८
santāna-sandhir vijñeyo dārikā-dāna-pūrvakaḥ |
sadbhis tu saṅgataḥ sandhir maitrī-pūrva udāhṛtaḥ || 4.118 ||
Santaana sandhi is that in which gift of daughter precedes the alliance; alliance with the good in a friendly manner is termed as Sangatah.

यावद् आयुः-प्रमाणस् तु समानार्थ-प्रयोजनः
सम्पत्तौ वा विपत्तौ वा कारणैर् यो भिद्यते ११९
yāvad āyuḥ-pramāṇas tu samānārtha-prayojanaḥ |
sampattau vā vipattau vā kāraṇair yo na bhidyate || 4.119 ||
‘Sangata’ lasts for a life time in which interests of both parties are equally represented; it is not broken in prosperity or adversity.

सङ्गतः सन्धिर् एवायं प्रकृष्टत्वात् सुवर्णवत्
तथान्यैः सन्धि-कुशलैः काञ्चनः समुदाहृतः १२०

saṅgataḥ sandhir evāyaṃ prakṛṣṭatvāt suvarṇavat |
tathānyaiḥ sandhi-kuśalaiḥ kāñcanaḥ samudāhṛtaḥ || 4.120 ||

Sangata is also called ‘Kanchana’ because of its excellence, like that of gold, by those adept in forming alliances.

आत्म-कार्यस्य सिद्धिं तु समुद्दिश्य क्रियेत यः
उपन्यास-कुशलैर् उपन्यास उदाहृतः १२१

ātma-kāryasya siddhiṃ tu samuddiśya kriyeta yaḥ |
sa upanyāsa-kuśalair upanyāsa udāhṛtaḥ || 4.121 ||

The peace effected for the purpose of achieving one’s objective is called Upanyasa by those who are adept in the doctrine of peace-making.

मयास्योपकृतं पूर्वं ममाप्य् एष करिष्यति
इति यः क्रियते सन्धिः प्रतीकारः उच्यते १२२

mayāsyopakṛtaṃ pūrvaṃ mamāpy eṣa kariṣyati |
iti yaḥ kriyate sandhiḥ pratīkāraḥ sa ucyate || 4.122 ||

Peace achieved on the principle – ‘ that I have helped him before and he will do the same for me now’ is known as pratikaarah.

उपकारं करोम्य् अस्य ममाप्य् एष करिष्यति
अयं चापि प्रतीकारो राम-सुगृईवयोर् इव १२३

upakāraṃ karomy asya mamāpy eṣa kariṣyati |
ayaṃ cāpi pratīkāro rāma-sugṛīvayor iva || 4.123 ||

I will render service to him, he will also repay it to me – alliance formed with such intention is also called Pratikara, like those between Rama and Sugreevaa.

एकार्थां सम्यग् उद्दिश्य यात्रां यत्र हि गच्छतः
सुसंहित-प्रयाणस् तु सन्धिः संयोग उच्यते १२४

ekārthāṃ samyag uddiśya yātrāṃ yatra hi gacchataḥ |
susaṃhita-prayāṇas tu sandhiḥ saṃyoga ucyate || 4.124 ||

Alliance formed for the purpose of achieving a common goal between two parties is called Samyoga.

आवयोर् योध-मुख्याभ्यां मद्-अर्थः साध्यताम् इति
यस्मिन् पणः प्रक्रियते सन्धिः पुरुषान्तरः १२५

āvayor yodha-mukhyābhyāṃ mad-arthaḥ sādhyatām iti |
yasmin paṇaḥ prakriyate sa sandhiḥ puruṣāntaraḥ || 4.125 ||

The army chieves of both parties agreeing to achieve the common goal, such stipulation for the alliance is called ‘Purushantara’.

त्वयैकेन मदीयो ऽर्थः सम्प्रसाध्यस् त्व् असाव् इति
यत्र शत्रुः पणं कुर्यात् सो ऽदृष्ट-पुरुषः स्मृतः १२६

tvayaikena madīyo 'rthaḥ samprasādhyas tv asāv iti |
yatra śatruḥ paṇaṃ kuryāt so 'dṛṣṭa-puruṣaḥ smṛtaḥ || 4.126 ||

My purpose will be accomplished only by you; where the enemy makes such a promise, such an alliance is called’ Adhrishta purusha’.

यत्र भूम्य्-एक-देशेन पणेन रिपुर् ऊर्जितः
सन्धीयते सन्धि-विद्भिः चादिष्ट उदाहृतः १२७

yatra bhūmy-eka-deśena paṇena ripur ūrjitaḥ |
sandhīyate sandhi-vidbhiḥ sa cādiṣṭa udāhṛtaḥ || 4.127 ||

Where a deal is made for peace with a powerful enemy by ceding a portion of the territory is called ‘Adishta’ by experts in alliances.

SRI KRISHNAYA THUBHYAM NAMAH


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