THREE TYPES OF CHARITY- ( दानं )

SUBHASHITHAM:123

अवज्ञया न दातव्यं कस्यचिल्लीलयापि वा |
अवज्ञया कृतं हन्याद्दातारं नात्र संशयः || Valmiki Ramayanam
Avagyayaa na daatavyam kasyachit leelayaapi vaa I
Avagyayaa krutam hanyad daataaram naatra samshayah II
Nothing should be given to anyone with callousness even in joke. If anybody violates this law he will be doubtless ruined.

दानेन भूतानि वशीभवन्ति

दानेन वैराण्यपि यान्ति नाशम् ।
परोऽपि बन्धुत्वमुपैति दानैः
दानं हि सर्वव्यसनानि हन्ति ॥

Daanena bhutaani vashee bhavanti, daanena vairaanyapi yaanti naasham I

Paro api bandhutvam upaiti daanaih, daanam hi sarva vyasanaani hanti II

All beings are pleased by charity; charity eliminates enmity and helps adversaries becoming friendly, charity destroys all forms of distress.

शुध्यति भस्मना कांस्यं नारी शीलेन शुध्यति ।
शुध्यति तपसा साधुः गृही दानेन शुध्यति ॥

Shudhyati bhasmanaa kaamshyam naari sheelena shudyati I

Shudyati tapasaa saaduh gruhee daanena shudyati II

Bronze vessel by ash, women by good character, sages by austerities, and a house-holder by charity become pure.

काले ददाति योऽपात्रे वितीर्णं तस्य नश्यति ।
निक्षिप्तमूषरे बीजं किं कदाचिदवाप्यते ॥

Kaale dadaati yo apaatre viteernam tasya nasyati I

Nikshiptamooshare beejam kim kadaachitd avaapyate II

Benevolence shown to an undeserving person will be in vain; what can a seed sown in a barren land yield? 

लब्धानामपि वित्तानां बोद्धव्यौ द्वावतिक्रमौ ।
अपात्रे प्रतिपत्तिश्च पात्रे चाप्रतिपादनम् ॥

Labdhaanaamapi vittaanaam boddhavyau dvaavatikramau I

Apaatre pratipattischa paatre cha apratipaadanam II

To a person who has an accumulated wealth, two sins are attributed. Charity to the undeserving , and not giving to the deserving.

दातव्यमिति यद्दानं दीयतेऽनुपकारिणे |
देशे काले च पात्रे च तद्दानं सात्विकं स्मृतम् || 20|| Bhagavad Gita

dātavyam iti yad dānaṁ dīyate ‘nupakāriṇe
deśhe kāle cha pātre cha tad dānaṁ sāttvikaṁ smṛitam

BG 17.20: Charity given to a worthy person simply because it is right to give, without consideration of anything in return, at the proper time and in the proper place, is stated to be in the mode of goodness(Satva)

 यत्तु प्रत्युपकारार्थं फलमुद्दिश्य वा पुन: |

दीयते च परिक्लिष्टं तद्दानं राजसं स्मृतम् || 21||

yat tu pratyupakārārthaṁ phalam uddiśhya vā punaḥ
dīyate cha parikliṣhṭaṁ tad dānaṁ rājasaṁ smṛitam

BG 17.21: But charity given with reluctance, with the hope of a return or in expectation of a reward, is said to be in the mode of passion(Rajas)

 अदेशकाले यद्दानमपात्रेभ्यश्च दीयते |

असत्कृतमवज्ञातं तत्तामसमुदाहृतम् || 22||

adeśha-kāle yad dānam apātrebhyaśh cha dīyate
asat-kṛitam avajñātaṁ tat tāmasam udāhṛitam

BG 17.22: And that charity, which is given at the wrong place and wrong time to unworthy persons, without showing respect, or with contempt, is held to be of the nature of nescience(Thamas) 

The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 5.2.3. says
तदेतत्त्रयँ शिक्षेद् दमं दानं दयामिति I
Tadetat trayam shikshet damam, daanam, dayaam iti I
These three were taught :Mental restraint, generosity, and compassion.
SRI KRISHNAYA THUBHYAM NAMAH